🎁 Christmas (Noël)
Christmas Day le jour de Noël
Christmas Eve le Réveillon de Noël
Christmas party la fête de Noël
Christmas sales Noël malin
December décembre
Midnight Mass Messe de Minuit
winter l’hiver
🎁 Decorations and Details (Décorations et détails)angel un ange
candle une bougie
candy cane un sucre d’orge
Christmas card une carte de Noël
Christmas carol un noël, un chant de Noël
Christmas present un petit Noël, un cadeau de Noël
Christmas tree un sapin de Noël, un arbre de Noël
game un jeu
gingerbread man un bonhomme de pain d’épice
manger une crèche
miracle un miracle
mistletoe le gui
ornament un bibelot, une boule de Noël, un ornament
reindeer un renne
ribbon un ruban
saint figurine un santon
Santa Claus Père Noël, Papa Noël
shepherd un berger
sleigh un traîneau
snow la neige
snowball une boule de neige
snowman un bonhomme de neige
string of lights une guirlande lumineuse
stuffed animal une peluche
toy un jouet
wrapping paper le papier cadeau
wreath une couronne🎁 Christmas Verbs (Verbs de Noël)
to open a present ouvrir un cadeau
to receive recevoir
to wrap a present emballer un cadeau🎁 Christmas Foods (Aliments de Noël)
Christmas feast le Réveillon
Christmas loaf le pain calendal
chestnuts châtaignes, marrons (m)
duck breast magret de canard
lobster le homard
oysters les huîtres (f)
pheasant le faisan
turkey la dinde
white pudding le boudin blanc
Yule log la bûche de Noël🎁 Seasonal Expressions (Expressions de saison)
Christmas sales Noël malin
Merry Christmas! Joyeux Noël !
Happy holidays! Joyeuses fêtes !
Season’s greetings! Meilleurs vœux !
white Christmas Noël sous la neige
‘Tis the Season C’est la saison
Advent l’Avent
Epiphany, Twelfth Night la Fête des Rois
Hanukkah Hanoukka
New Year’s Day le Jour de l’An
New Year’s Eve la Saint-Sylvestre
- η γλώσσα - language
- η μητρική γλώσσα - native language
- η ξένη γλώσσα - foreign language
- η διάλεκτος - dialect
- η νοηματική γλώσσα - sign language
- η γλωσσολογία - linguistics
- ο/η γλωσσολόγος - linguist
- μαθαίνω - to learn
- το γλωσσομαθής - language learner
- το επίθετο - adjective
- το επίρρημα - adverb
- το ουσιαστικό - noun
- το ρήμα - verb
- το αξάν - accent
- το αλφάβητο - alphabet
- το άρθρο - article
- η έκφραση - expression
- ο ορισμός - definition
- το γράμμα - letter
- το φωνήεν - vowel
- το σύμφωνο - consonant
- δίγλωσσος - bilingual
- η διγλωσσία - bilingualism
- πολύγλωσσος - polyglot / multilingual
- η πολυγλωσσία - multilingualism
- μιλάω - to speak
- προφέρω - to pronounce
- η προφορά - pronunciation
- επικοινωνώ - to communicate
- ακούγομαι - to sound
- τα ελληνικά - (modern) greek
- τα αρχαία ελληνικά - ancient greek
- τα αγγλικά - english
- τα γαλλικά - french
- τα γερμανικά - german
- τα ισπανικά - spanish
- τα πορτογαλικά - portuguese
- τα ολλανδικά - dutch
- τα ιταλικά - italian
- τα τουρκικά - turkish
- τα αραβικά - arabic
- τα νορβηγικά - norwegian
- τα σουηδικά - swedish
- τα φινλανδικά - finnish
- τα δανικά - danish
- τα κινεζικά - chinese
- τα κορεατικά - korean
- τα ιαπωνικά - japanese
- τα ρωσικά - russian
- τα εβραϊκά - hebrew
- τα λατινικά - latin
@englishlit-chicThis started out as a Google Doc for personal use, but I might as well share it with you since the internet is awesome and chances are there are other lit freaks like me out there! + Masterposts are the best
Beginners (old but gold tbh)
Grade Saver (I’ve found some rare XVIII century plays explained here!)
Tips to Analyze, Write, Interpret literature (College level):
English 103: Analyzing and Interpreting Lit.
Literary Analysis Guide - Goshen College
Literary Analysis: Using Elements of Literature
HOW TO WRITE A LITERARY ANALYSIS ESSAY
How to Write an Analysis of Theme — Teaching College English
Analyzing and Interpreting Literature | CLEP
How I Plan and Write Literature Papers by notaperfectstudent
Very Useful (misc.)
CRITICAL THEORY: Introduction to Literature
Voice of the Shuttle (great humanities research page)
Warwick English Page (bunch of links, exams, essays, etc…)
Consciousness, Literature and the Arts Archive: Articles and Essays
Online Lectures
Terry Eagleton: “The Death of Criticism?” - UC Berkeley Events
Modernism Undone: T.S. Eliot’s Literary Revolution
A Reader’s Guide to T.S. Eliot’s “Four Quartets” (Lecture by Thomas Howard, Professor Emeritus, Gordon College)
Arts One Open: on The Wasteland by T.S. Eliot (Lecture by Kevin McNeilly for the “Monster in the Mirror” theme)
Introduction to Literary Theory - Yale
Harold Bloom on Shakespeare - Yale
Keio Linguistic Colloquium SYNTAX SESSION Professor Noam Chomsky (MIT)
Open Courses
ENGL 291: THE AMERICAN NOVEL SINCE 1945 - Yale
AMST 246: HEMINGWAY, FITZGERALD, FAULKNER - Yale
Fantasy and Science Fiction: The Human Mind, Our Modern World - U- of Michigan (took this, it’s great! Course starts October 2015)
MODERN POETRY - Yale
The Fiction of Relationship - Brown (no open sessions rn but I took this and it is also great, so stay tune for when the course re-opens)
Victorian Era
Literary Genre, Mode, and Style during the Victorian Era (so many sources, essays and papers!! <3)
Nostalgia and the Victorian Novel
Romanticism
The Romanticism Blog (posts concerning scholars and students, here you will find great ideas for essays!)
The Romantics: Nature (bbc doc)
The Romantics: Eternity (bbc doc)
The Romantics: Liberty (bbc doc)
Romantic Chronology http://www.english.ucsb.edu:591/rchrono/
The Voice of the Shuttle, Romanticism pages http://vos.ucsb.edu/ –> literature (in English)–> Romantics–> a wealth of links to many resourcesThe XVIII Century
Skin as Surface in Swift and Pope
Public Opinion in Swift and Gay
The Female Body in Swift and Pope
Bawdiness in Cleland and Sterne
Narrative and Progress in Tristram Shandy
Shakespeare
Introduction to Shakespeare’s life and works
Featured Essays and Book Excerpts on Shakespeare’s Plays
Shakespeare Mag: Education and resources
Introduction to Shakespeare (so many links!):
Problems with Shakespeare’s Texts
Figurative Language and Rhetorical Devices
Establishing the Text of Hamlet
Blackfriars Theater and Audience Expectations
Hamlet performed by BATHS (for me this is a great representation tbh!)
Synopses of Shakespeare’s Plays
The Shakespeare Authorship Page
Robert Teeter’s Shakespeare Links
Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre Virtual Tour
The Folger Shakespeare Library
Shakespeare Illustrated (Emory University)
Steven Marx’s “Triangulating Shakespeare”
Medieval
Medieval English Studies A GUIDE TO MIDDLE ENGLISH
Medieval Attitudes toward Vernacular Literature
Arthurian literature
Arthurian Studies Links & Essays
Arthurian Resources (Thomas Green)
Arthurian Links (Thomas Green)
The Camelot Project (Medieval to modern texts and images)
King Arthur links (Medieval History site)
Holy Grail links (Mary Weidenhaft)
Women of the Arthurian Legend (Camelot Project–modern)
Arthuriana (International Arthurian Society journal)
Arthurnet (Listserve)
A scholarly discussion list for King Arthur
Arthuriana/Camelot Project Bibliographies
Princeton Charrette Project (Manuscript images of Chrétien de Troyes’s Lancelot romance)
Yale MS 229, Prose Lancelot (Illuminated manuscript images)
The Camelot Project Artists Menu (modern)
Poetry
British Poetry 1780-1910: a Hypertext Archive of Scholarly Editions
The American Poetry Full-Text Database
English Verse Drama: the Full-Text Database
The English Poetry Full-Text Database
Online Exams
Eighteenth Century Literature Final here
Medieval to Renaissance English Literature Examen (Warwick)
SHAKESPEARE: END-OF-SEMESTER EXAM “A MOST LAMENTABLE COMEDY”
this is p h e n o m e n a l !!!!
Ainsi – Thus, In This/That Manner
- La fée transforma ses jambes en queue de poisson, et ainsi, la princesse devint une sirène.
The fairy transformed her legs into a fish tale, and thus, the princess became a mermaid.C’est Ainsi Que – It’s This Way
- Elle a travaillé dur pendant dix ans. C’est ainsi qu’elle a gagné la compétition.
She worked hard for 10 years. She won the competition that way.Alors – Then, So, Hence
- Jean Noël ne pouvait pas supporter le bruit dans le club, alors il est sorti.
JN couldn’t bear the noise in the club, so he went out.Alors Que – While, Whereas, When
- Alors que Sophie aime le jazz, Marie déteste ça.
Whereas Sophie loves jazz, Mary hates it.Aussitôt Que –As Soon As
Aussitôt que la chatte s’est endormie, les souris se sont montrées.
As soon as the cat fell asleep, the mice showed themselves.
D’autant Plus – All The More
- Il partageait sa passion de la danse. Elle l’aimait d’autant plus.
He shared her passion for dance. She loved him all the more.D’autant Plus Que – Even More So Since
- Je suis vraiment déçue. D’autant plus que je lui avais dit de venir chez nous.
I am really disappointed. Even more so since I told him to come to our house.Bien Que – Even Though (*Followed By The Subjunctive)
- Elle l’a fait, bien qu’elle n’en ait pas eu envie.
she did it even though she didn’t feel like it.Si Bien Que – Hence
- Ils parlaient à demi-voix si bien qu’elle ne pouvait pas les entendre.
They spoke softly, hence she couldn’t hear them.Cependant – Nevertheless, Meanwhile, However
- Je ne suis pas de son avis. Cependant je le suivrai.
I don’t share his opinion. Nevertheless I will follow it.Dès – Since, From
- Dès ce moment, il a refusé de parler d’elle.
From that moment, he refused to talk about her.Dès Que – As Soon As
- Je te téléphonerai dès qu’elle arrivera.
I’ll call you as soon as she gets here.En Tant Que – As (A)
- En tant qu’ingénieur, elle est très précise.
As an Engineer, she is very precise.Lorsque – When
- Ils ont cueilli les cerises lorsqu’elles étaient mûres.
They picked the cherries when they were ripe.Malgré – Despite
- Malgré son effort, cela n’a pas suffi.
Despite her efforts, it wasn’t enough.Même Si – Even If
- Il ira même si elle n’y va pas.
He’ll go even if she doesn’t.À Moins Que – Unless (*Followed By The Subjunctive)
- Vous ne pourrez pas voir la directrice à moins que vous ayez un rendez-vous.
You will not be able to see the director unless you have an appointment.Néanmoins – However, Nevertheless, Nonetheless
- Elle avait peu d’argent néanmoins elle lui a tout donné.
She had little money, but she gave all to him nonetheless.Pendant Que – While, As
- Marc étudie la chimie pendant qu’il écoute la radio.
Marc studies chemistry while he is listening to the radio.Pour Que – So That (*Followed By The Subjunctive)
- Il a couru pour qu’elle ne l’attende pas trop longtemps.
He ran so that she wouldn’t wait for him too long.Pourtant – Although, Still, Nevertheless
- La femme a plus de quarante ans, mais c’est pourtant une beauté.
The woman is over forty, but she is nevertheless a beauty.Puisque – Since, Because, As, Seeing That, For That Reason
- Puisque sa maman ne voulait pas jouer au Monopoly, le petit garçon est sorti jouer dehors.
Since his mother didn’t want to play Monopoly, the boy went to play outside.Quand Même – Even Though, All The Same, Nevertheless
- Ce n’est pas lui qui chantait le mieux, mais il a gagné la compétition quand même.
He wasn’t the best singer, but he won the contest all the same.Quant À – As For
- Quant à lui, il préfère ne pas discuter de ce sujet dangereux.
As for him, he’d rather not talk about this dangerous topic.Quoique – Though, Although (*Followed By The Subjunctive)
- Quoiqu’elle ne sourie pas beaucoup, en réalité elle est très contente.
Although she doesn’t smile much, in fact she is really happy.Quoi Que – Whatever, No Matter What (*Followed By The Subjunctive)
- Quoi qu’il dise, elle ne le croit pas.
Whatever he might say, she won’t believe him.Sinon – Except, If Not, Otherwise, Except That, Unless
- Ne sors pas sans manteau, sinon tu vas attrapper froid.
Don’t go out without a jacket, otherwise you’ll catch a cold.Tandis Que – Whereas, While
- Il préfère aller à la plage pour les vacances, tandis qu’elle préfère aller à la montagne.
He likes to go to the beach for vacations, whereas she prefers the mountains.
Fun fact: If you want to piss a Danish person off, this is the quickest way to do it.
#StopmisusingØ2k16
à moins que + [subj] - unless
pour peu que + [sub] - if that, if only
pourvu que + [subj] - as long as, so long as, providing
autant que - as much as, as many as
au cas où - in case of, in the event of
dans l’hypothèse où - assuming that, supposing that
selon que + [ind] - according to whether, depending on whether
dans la mesure où + [ind] - to the extent that, inasmuch as, insofar as
A false cognate or “false friend” is a word that looks like something in your language that you think is the same word, but it’s totally different. And a partial false cognate is one that could be the same word you think it is, but also might not be.
A common false cognate for Spanish is la ropa which is “clothes/clothing” and not “rope” (la soga); a common partial false cognate is el elevador which in Mexico could be “elevator” but most of the Spanish-speaking world uses el acensor… where el elevador tends to mean “hoist” or sometimes “dumbwaiter” or “electrical amp”
- abandonar = doesn’t always mean “to abandon”, sometimes it means “to vacate” or “to leave (a room/area)”
- el acta / las actas = does NOT mean “act”; el acta means “the minutes (of a meeting)”, “a certificate”, or in legal situations can mean “contract/accord”
- actual = in Spanish actual means “current” or “happening now” or in art situations it’s “contemporary”, similarly actualmente means “recently” and actualizar means “to update”
- adicto/a = in some situations adicto/a means “an addict”… in some contexts it means “fan” like a fan of a celebrity, really it’s used more along the lines of “fan” as in “fanatic”
- la advertencia = la advertencia means “warning” or “advisory”, the verb advertir is usually “to warn”; an “advertisement” is el anuncio and “to advertise” is anunciar
- americano/a = can be used for American (from the US) but it more literally means “from the Americas”… meaning North OR South America; technically Mexicans, Argentinians, Canadians, and people from the US are americanos… for “from the US” the more accurate word is estadounidense meaning from los Estados Unidos
- aplicar = usually aplicar means “to apply” as in “to stick on”; it doesn’t mean “to apply for (a position)” which is solicitar and an “application” for jobs etc. is la solicitud
- apreciar = doesn’t really mean “to appreciate” the way we mean it; apreciar is usually “to put a price on” or “to measure value”. You tend to say agradecer “to be grateful for” as in te lo agradezco “I appreciate that” more literally “I am grateful to you for it”
- aprobar = can mean “to approve” or “to pass a test”
- el argumento = el argumento is more usually “the plot (of a story)”, but it can be “argument” in the sense of “point of view” or “stance (on an issue)”… usually an actual fight/argument is la pelea or la disputa
- el arsenal = in some cases it means “arsenal” for artillery; it sometimes means “navy yard” or “shipyard”
- asistir = usually means “to attend”; occasionally means “to assist” but it’s better to use ayudar “to help”
- la audiencia = in some cases it does mean “audience” but usually that’s in the sense of someone listening; la audiencia means “audience” more usually as “meeting” or a “hearing” with someone… while el público is what gets used for “crowd/audience” although some places use la audiencia more
- la aventura = means both “adventure” and “(love) affair”
- avisar = avisar is “to warn” and el aviso is “warning”; to “advise” is aconsejar “to counsel”
- el binomio = in mathematics it’s “binomial”; in most everyday discussions el binomio is the term for a name with a hyphen in it like arte-poesía or something like that, it gets used for the “joining of two names”
- bizarro/a = in some places it means “bizarre” or “odd”, but it usually is “gallant” or “courageous”; saying it’s “bizarre” is extraño/a or raro/a
- bravo/a = doesn’t really mean “brave” it means “reckless” or “easily angered”, occasionally it means “soldier”… in Spanish “brave” is normally valiente and “bravery” is usually el valor
- el campo = in Spanish el campo is “field” or “countryside”; a “camp” is el campamento
- cancelar = sometimes means “to erase”, but it also means “to settle (a debt)” or “to pay (a bill)”
- el/la canciller = sometimes it means “Chancellor”, but it tends to have a wide usage for any foreign minister or ambassador
- capable = in Spanish “capable” is capaz… saying capable in Spanish means “able to be castrated”
- la carpeta = in Spanish this means “folder” or “portfolio”… a “carpet” is la alfombra
- la casualidad = in Spanish this means “luck” or “chance”; por casualidad is “by chance”
- catedrático/a = this has nothing to do with cathedrals, in Spanish it means any professor at a university who has tenure. The connection is probably to the idea of la cátedra which is “podium”, but churches were very much centers of learning so maybe?
- el charlatán / la charlatana = means both “charlatan” but it can also be “talkative” or “chatterbox” from charlar “to talk”
- el colegio = most places use el colegio to mean “high school / secondary school” but it’s usually a private school; la secundaria tends to be public, and la universidad is “college / uni(versity)”… and el colegio is occasionally used to mean “group of intellectuals / group of theory”
- colorado/a = does not mean “colored” which is usually tener color (or gente de color for “people of color” in antiquated settings)… the term colorado/a almost always means “red” as in the state Colorado or one of the expressions for “to blush” ponerse colorado/a …makeup “blush/rouge” is el colorete
- el compromiso = sometimes means “agreement”, sometimes it means “dilemma”… and in some settings compromiso is “engagement” as comprometido/a can be “fiancee” (as can prometido/a without the com)
- la concentración = means “mental concentration”, or “concentration (chemistry)” but it also means “gathering of people” and sometimes “protest” although you sometimes see manifestación for that
- la conferencia = typically la conferencia means “lecture / presentation” or another word for “conversation”… it can be “a conference” but for “conventions” you usually say el congreso since la conferencia is very… person standing at the front of a lecture hall giving a seminar with powerpoint kind of vibe
- constipado/a = means “to have a cold”… saying “constipated” is estreñido/a
- conveniente = sometimes “convenient” but normally conveniente means “proper” or “practical” as in “something that is advisable, wise, or just”
- la convicción = does mean “conviction” for beliefs; does not mean “conviction” in the legal sense, “to convict” is condenar “to condemn”
- la copa = la copa exclusively refers to “wine glass / goblet” or “the cup (of a sports/prize cup)”… el vaso is used for “water glass”, and la taza “coffee cup / teacup”
- la criatura = sometimes means “creature”, sometimes means “infant/baby” which can be a jarring partial cognate trust me
- correspondiente = is used as an adjective meaning “matching” or “corresponding”… a journalist/reporter “correspondent” is el/la corresponsal
- la cuestión = this means “the matter” as in “the question of (something)”… a “question” you ask is la pregunta
- el curso = means “course of events” or something that follows/runs like the “course” of a river, but in school terms la materia is “course / subject” and sometimes la asignatura… but some places do use el curso to mean “course” for school, it’s just not always like that
- cínico/a = means both “cynical” and “irresponsible” in Spanish, though you normally see it as “cynical”
- la decepción = ALWAYS means “disappointment”; “deception” or “deceit” is la mentira “lie” or el engaño “deception”
- demandar = usually doesn’t mean “to demand”; in legal cases demandar is “to sue”, while exigir is “to demand”… and la demanda is “a legal case / suit”
- deshonesto/a = sometimes means “dishonest” but occasionally means “lewd”… sort of like how we say “honest work” which is a nice way of saying “not illegal or indecent”
- discutir = usually means “to argue”… “to discuss” is usually just hablar because discutir can have a combative tone to it, you also see debatir “to debate” or parlar / charlar “to chat”… formally platicar “to discuss”… and “discussion” is often la conversación or el debate depending on context
- el disgusto = means “displeasure” or “a tough situation”; in Spanish “disgust” is el asco as in asqueroso/a “disgusting” or dar asco “to disgust / to gross out”
- el dormitorio = in some places it means “bedroom”, but it does always mean “dormitory” as in college/uni… literally it’s “sleeping room”
- la droguería = in Spanish this is actually a lot of different things; “paint store”, “hardware store”, sometimes “pharmacy” or “convenience store”… most of the time if you’re at the drug store that’s all medicine you say la farmacia or la botica… or older things would be la botica / el boticario “apothecary”
- educado/a = most often means “polite”, not “educated”… to say “educated” you tend to say tener buena formación or standard inteligente or listo/a … you do get a good pun out of la buena educación “good education / good manners” and la mala educación for “bad education / bad manners”
- efectivo = in Spanish en efectivo normally means “in cash”; eficaz is “effective / efficient”
- embarazada = means “pregnant” (embarazado is technically accurate but usually shows up when talking about seahorses); saying “embarrassed” is avergonzado/a, apenado/a, humillado/a… things like that. You can say embarazoso/a for “embarrassing / awkward”; and note el embarazo is “pregnancy”
- escolar = means “related to school” or “scholarly”… “a scholar” is normally erudito/a or estudioso/a or occasionally licenciado/a meaning “graduate / has a degree / titled”
- la estampa = is a religious icon and/or a card with a picture on it; normally use la estampilla for “stamp” or el sello “seal / stamp”
- el éxito = means “success”; an “exit” is la salida or in theater terms “an exit” is el mutis
- experimentar = means “to experiment” as in try out, but “to experience” is normally sentir “to feel”
- la fábrica = means “factory”; la tela is “fabric/material”
- la firma = means “signature” as firmar “to sign”; it does not mean “a firm” which is often la oficina or la empresa or la compañía
- fiscal / el/la fiscal = means “fiscal” in the sense of money, but in law el/la fiscal means “prosecutor”
- gentilmente = is archaic now but it means “with kindness” or “courteously”… it means “genteel” not “gentle” which is suave, so “gently” is suavemente
- la gracia = means both “grace” and “funny/joke” as in tener gracia ‘to be funny”
- la granada = is “pomegranate” and “grenade”
- la grosería = means “rudeness” or “grossness”; a “grocery” is normally la tienda (de comestibles) or el mercado, and “groceries” is sometimes la comida / los comestibles or sometimes los abarrotes
- humano/a = is both “human” and “humane”
- ignorar = can be “to not be aware of” which is not as strong as “to ignore” in a way
- ilustrado/a = means “illustrated” and “enlightened”
- intervenir = means “to intervene”, “to obstruct”, “to operate on”, “to bug / to tap (phones/homes)”, or “to bail out”
- intoxicado/a = has a bunch of meanings; it can mean “upset stomach” / “vomiting” / “food poisoning”… in addition to “poisoned” (envenenado/a) and good old “intoxicated”, although you can go into whether that’s borracho/a “drunk” or drogado/a “on drugs” if you want… intoxicado/a really means “some substance has a negative reaction with your body” whether it’s food or drugs or alcohol
- invertir = means both “to invert” and “to invest”
- la jornada = rarely means “journey”, la jornada means “work day” or “a day’s worth of (something)”… occasionally it’s “business trip”
- introducir = means “to insert”; “to introduce (someone) to (someone)” is presentar
- la lectura = means “reading” or “passage”; a “lecture” is normally la conferencia
- la lujuria = means “lust” as in the sin; “luxury” is el lujo
- el mandatario / la mandataria = means “executive” or “chief” or “person who calls the shots”, usually in a governing sense… occasionally “head of state” or “representative [someone who was sent somewhere]”; saying something is “mandatory” is obligatorio/a
- el matrimonio = means both “matrimony/marriage” and “a couple / married couple”
- molestar = means “to annoy”, it has no sexual connotation in Spanish; you would say acosar “to stalk” or abusar “to abuse”, or violar “to rape”
- moroso/a = doesn’t mean “morose”, it means “someone who hasn’t paid” as in “defaulting”
- la noticia = usually in plural, las noticias “news” and la noticia “a piece of news” or “new event” is different than “a notice” which is usually el aviso for a “warning”
- la ocasión = means “occasion” or “event”… in some contexts it means a “big sale” or “bargain”
- la ocurrencia = means “an idea” but more usually means “a snarky comment”; an “occurrence” is el suceso or el evento usually
- el oficio = is not “office” as in a physical place (la oficina), but el oficio means “occupation” or “vocation”… usually it’s a skill you do by hand like physical labor so think plumbers, electricians, carpenters, masons…
- oficioso/a = does not mean “officious” (entremetido/a), it means “blue collar” or “diligent”… in some cases oficioso/a means “unrecognized” but in a lot of older contexts it kind of means “working class” or “chipper/energetic”
- paralizar = means both “to paralyze” and “to halt”; some places use it as “to freeze (assets)” though I see suspender or congelar more for that
- el/la pariente = means “relative” and los parientes are “relatives”… the “parents” are los padres (or las madres where applicable)
- particular = means “private”, “individual”, “limited access”… or it means “peculiar”; it isn’t said of people who are “finicky”, they use exigente “demanding” or something regional like tiquismiquis
- perfeccionar = usually means “to perfect / to improve” not always “to make perfect”… you see it a lot with languages or acquired training/skills perfeccionar means mejorar “to get better” in a sense
- plantear = means “to state an opinion”; “to plant” is plantar or sembrar
- la populación = tends to mean “the act of populating/inhabiting”, while “population” is la población
- el partido = means “political party” or “a match (in sports)”… while la fiesta is “party”
- precioso/a = means both “precious” and “cute / good-looking” for people or things like es un vestido precioso “it’s a pretty dress” or ella es preciosa “she’s cute”… precioso/a for people tend to be younger people or kids, otherwise you tend towards guapo/a
- preciso/a = means “precise” and “necessary”
- pretender = doesn’t really mean “to pretend” which is fingir “to feign”, usually pretender means “to attempt” or “to reach for”, in more formal or older settings pretender means “to court / woo”, and los pretendientes are “suitors” in romance. You can use pretender as like “pretender to the throne”; this is because it’s someone “reaching” for something they haven’t earned, but you may see mentiroso/a “liar” or farsante “liar / imposter” for this too.
- el preservativo = means “condom”; preservatives in food tend to be los conservantes
- privado/a = doesn’t exactly mean “private” but more “personal”, so el correo privado means “personal mail” not specifically private or hidden; think “private property”
- la promoción = used to refer exclusively to “store promotion” or “news / something published”… today it can mean el ascenso “job promotion” too but some places prefer el ascenso
- realizar = means “to finalize” or “to make a reality”; “to realize” as in “to have a realization/sudden thought” is darse cuenta
- recordar = means “to recall” or “to remind”; but grabar is “to record” and registrar is “to record / to make a record of”
- el refrigerio = means “a snack”, it’s kind of like “a nibble” or a small midmorning/midday snack; there are lots of regionalisms for “refrigerator” like el refrigerador or la nevera (which is literally related to nieve “snow”)
- regalar = means “to give a gift” (el regalo), people use agasajar for “to regale” though it’s a showy word by itself
- regular = means “regular / ordinary” but can be used as estar regular “to be fine” or “to be so-so”
- relevante = means “relevant” but also means “important” or “noteworthy”
- el resorte = in Spanish el resorte is “a metal spring”
- la reunión = very often means “a meeting/gathering”, not a “reunion”
- salvaje = means “savage”; but “salvage” is usually salvar or salvaguardar or as a noun el salvamento
- sano/a = means “healthy”; cuerdo/a means “sane”… la sanidad means “sanitation”, while la cordura is “sanity”
- sensible = in Spanish sensible means “sensitive”; sensato/a means “sensible”
- la sentencia = means “sentence” as in “jail sentence”
- la sopa = means “soup”; el jabón is “soap”
- el suburbio = can mean “suburb” but in many Latin American countries it means “slums/shanty towns” not the US idea of “suburb”
- el tipo = means both “a type” but is slang for “a guy/dude”
- vago/a = means both “vague” and “lazy”
- el voto = means “a vote” but also means “a vow”
Greetings:
Bonjour - hello
Moien - hello (used until early evening)
Gudde Moien - good morning
Gudde Metteg - good afternoon
Gudden Owend - good evening
Wëllkomm - welcomeFarewells:
Awar - goodbye
Äddi - goodbye
Gutt Nuecht - good night
Bis geschwënn - see you soon
Bis gläich - see you laterSimple information:
Schwätzt Dir Lëtzebuergesch?
- Do you speak Luxembourgish?Bonjour Madame/Här, ech sinn de John Smith/d'Susan Smith.
- Hello ma'am/sir, I am John Smith/Susan Smith.Wéi heeschs Dir?
- What’s your name?Ech heeschen…
- My name is…A wie sidd Dir?
- And who are you?Wien ass dat?
- Who is that?Wou wunnt Dir?
- Where do you live?Ech wunnen an der Stad.
- I live in the town.Ech wunnen zu Esch.
- I live in Esch.Ech wunnen an England zu London.
- I live in England in London.Oh, dat ass de Bus/Zuch/Taxi!
- Oh, that is the bus/train/taxi!Wann ech glift
- PleaseMerci
- Thank youJo/Neen
- Yes/NoWéi geet et?
- How are you?Ech maachen
- I am fineEt deet mir Leed
- I am sorryEntschëllegt mech
- Excuse me